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Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008) - East Timor (2002)

Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008) z East Timor (2002)

 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008)East Timor (2002)
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich IslandsEast Timor
Administrative divisions - 13 administrative districts; Aileu, Ainaro, Baucau, Bobonaro (Maliana), Cova-Lima (Suai), Dili, Ermera, Lautem (Los Palos), Liquica, Manatuto, Manufahi (Same), Oecussi (Ambeno), Viqueque
Age structure - NA
Agriculture - products - coffee, rice, maize, cassava, sweet potatoes, soybeans, cabbage, mangoes, bananas, vanilla
Airports - 8 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 3 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,427 m: 1 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 5 5


914 to 1,523 m: 3


under 914 m: 2 (2002)
Area total: 3,903 sq km


land: 3,903 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of 11 islands		 total: 15,007 sq km


land: NA sq km


water: NA sq km
Area - comparative slightly larger than Rhode Island slightly larger than Connecticut
Background The islands, which have large bird and seal populations, lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands and have been under British administration since 1908 - except for a brief period in 1982 when Argentina occupied them. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. Famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses scientists from the British Antarctic Survey. Recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 nm to 200 nm around each island. The Portuguese colony of Timor declared itself independent from Portugal on 28 November 1975 and was invaded and occupied by Indonesian forces nine days later. It was subsequently incorporated into Indonesia in July 1976 as the province of Timor Timur. A so-called campaign of pacification followed over the next two decades, during which time an estimated 100,000 to 250,000 individuals lost their lives. On 30 August 1999, in a UN-supervised popular referendum, the people of Timor Timur voted for independence from Indonesia. On 20 May 2002, East Timor was internationally recognized as an independent state and the world's newest democracy.
Birth rate - 28.07 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget - revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA
Capital - Dili
Climate variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow tropical; hot, humid; distinct rainy and dry seasons
Coastline NA km 706 km
Constitution - 22 March 2002 (based on the Portuguese model)
Country name conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands


conventional short form: none


abbreviation: SGSSI		 conventional long form: Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste


conventional short form: East Timor


local long form: Republika Demokratika Timor Lorosa'e [Tetum]; Republica Democratica de Timor-Leste [Portuguese]


local short form: Timor Lorosa'e [Tetum]; Timor-Leste [Portuguese]


former: Portuguese Timor
Currency - US dollar (USD)
Death rate - 6.52 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by a commissioner, who is concurrently governor of the Falkland Islands, representing Queen ELIZABETH II -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina) chief of mission: Ambassador Grover Joseph REES


embassy: Avenido do Portugal, Farol, Dili


mailing address: NA


telephone: (670) 390 324 684


FAX: (670) 390 313 206
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina) chief of mission: Ambassador-designate Jose Luis GUTERRES


chancery: NA


telephone: NA


FAX: NA


consulate(s) general: NA
Disputes - international Argentina, which claims the islands in its constitution and briefly occupied them by force in 1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force East Timor-Indonesia Boundary Committee meets to survey and delimit land boundary; Indonesia seeks resolution of East Timor refugees in Indonesia; Australia-East Timor-Indonesia are working to resolve maritime boundary and sharing of seabed resources in "Timor Gap"
Economic aid - recipient - $2.2 billion
Economy - overview Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting finfish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK, sale of fishing licenses, and harbor and landing fees from tourist vessels. Tourism from specialized cruise ships is increasing rapidly. In late 1999, about 70% of the economic infrastructure of East Timor was laid waste by Indonesian troops and anti-independence militias, and 260,000 people fled westward. Over the next three years, however, a massive international program, manned by 5,000 peacekeepers (8,000 at peak) and 1,300 police officers, led to substantial reconstruction in both urban and rural areas. By mid-2002, all but about 50,000 of the refugees had returned. The country faces great challenges in continuing the rebuilding of infrastructure and the strengthening of the infant civil administration. One promising long-term project would be development of oil resources in nearby waters.
Electricity - consumption - NA kWh
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh
Electricity - production - NA kWh
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0%
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m		 lowest point: Timor Sea, Savu Sea, and Banda Sea 0 m


highest point: Foho Tatamailau 2,963 m
Environment - current issues NA widespread use of slash and burn agriculture has led to deforestation and soil erosion
Environment - international agreements - NA
Ethnic groups - Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian), Papuan, small Chinese minority
Executive branch - chief of state: President Jose Alexander GUSMAO (since 20 May 2002); note - the president plays a largely symbolic role but is able to veto some legislation


head of government: Prime Minister Mari Bin Amude ALKATIRI (since 20 May 2002)


cabinet: Council of State


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 14 April 2002 (next to be held NA April 2007); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the president


election results: Jose Alexander GUSMAO elected president; percent of vote - Jose Alexander GUSMAO 82.7%, Francisco Xavier do Amaral 17.3%
Exports - $8 million (2001 est.)
Exports - commodities - coffee, sandalwood, marble; note - the potential for oil and vanilla exports
Exports - partners - NA
Fiscal year - 1 July - 30 June
Flag description blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a shield with a golden lion centered; the shield is supported by a fur seal on the left and a penguin on the right; a reindeer appears above the shield, and below it on a scroll is the motto LEO TERRAM PROPRIAM PROTEGAT (Let the Lion Protect its Own Land) red, with a black isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) superimposed on a slightly longer yellow arrowhead that extends to the center of the flag; there is a white star in the center of the black triangle
GDP - purchasing power parity - $415 million (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 25%


industry: 17%


services: 57% (2001)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $500 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 18% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates 54 30 S, 37 00 W 8 50 S, 125 55 E
Geography - note the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in the 20th century, live on South Georgia Timor is the Malay word for "Orient"; the island of Timor is part of the Malay Archipelago and is the largest and easternmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands
Heliports - 1 (2002)
Highways - total: 3,800 km


paved: 428 km


unpaved: 3,372 km (1995)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs - NA
Imports - $237 million (2001 est.)
Imports - commodities - NA
Imports - partners - NA
Independence - 28 November 1975 (date of proclamation of independence from Portugal); note - 20 May 2002 is the official date of international recognition of East Timor's independence from Indonesia
Industrial production growth rate - 8.5%
Industries - printing, soap manufacturing, handicrafts, woven cloth
Infant mortality rate - 51.99 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - NA%
International organization participation - IBRD, IMF


note: UN membership is expected in September
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - NA
Irrigated land 0 sq km 1,065 sq km (est.)
Judicial branch - Supreme Court of Justice, one judge appointed by the National Parliament and the rest appointed by the Superior Council for the Judiciary
Labor force - NA
Labor force - by occupation - NA
Land boundaries 0 km total: 228 km


border countries: Indonesia 228 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen) (2005)		 arable land: NA%


permanent crops: NA%


other: NA%
Languages - Tetum (official), Portuguese (official), Indonesian, English


note: there are a total of about 16 indigenous languages, of which Tetum, Galole, Mambae, and Kemak are spoken by significant numbers of people
Legal system the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply; the senior magistrate from the Falkland Islands presides over the Magistrates Court NA
Legislative branch - unicameral National Parliament (number of seats can vary, minimum requirement of 52 and a maximum of 65 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms); note - for its first term of office, the National Parliament is comprised of 88 members on an exceptional basis


elections: last held 30 August 2001 (next to be held NA August 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - FRETILIN 57.37%, PD 8.72%, PSD 8.18%, ASDT 7.84%, UDT 2.36%, PNT 2.21%, KOTA 2.13%, PPT 2.01%, PDC 1.98%, PST 1.78%, independents/other 5.42%; seats by party - FRETILIN 55, PD 7, PSD 6, ASDT 6, PDC 2, UDT 2, KOTA 2, PNT 2, PPT 2, UDC/PDC 1, PST 1, PL 1, independent 1
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 64.85 years


male: 62.64 years


female: 67.17 years (2002 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 48% (2001)


male: NA%


female: NA%
Location Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America Southeastern Asia, northwest of Australia in the Lesser Sunda Islands at the eastern end of the Indonesian archipelago; note - East Timor includes the eastern half of the island of Timor, the Oecussi (Ambeno) region on the northwest portion of the island of Timor, and the islands of Pulau Atauro and Pulau Jaco
Map references Antarctic Region Southeast Asia
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm		 contiguous zone: NA NM


exclusive fishing zone: NA NM


continental shelf: NA NM


exclusive economic zone: NA NM


territorial sea: NA NM


extended fishing zone: NA NM
Merchant marine - total: NA


ships by type: NA
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK -
Military branches - the East Timor Defense Force or FALINTIL-FDTL comprises a light-infantry Army and a small Naval component; note - plans are to develop a force of 1,500 active personnel and 1,500 reserve personnel over the next five years
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $4.4 million (FY03)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - NA%
Military manpower - availability - NA
Military manpower - fit for military service - NA
Military manpower - military age - 18-21 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - NA
National holiday - Independence Day, 28 November (1975)
Nationality - noun: Timorese


adjective: Timorese
Natural hazards the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism floods and landslides are common; earthquakes, tsunamis, tropical cyclones
Natural resources fish gold, petroleum, natural gas, manganese, marble
Net migration rate - 51.07 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines - NA
Political parties and leaders - Associacao Social-Democrata Timorense or ASDT [Francisco Xavier do AMARAL]; Christian Democratic Party of Timor or PDC [Antonio XIMENES]; Christian Democratic Union of Timor or UDC [Vicente da Silva GUTERRES]; Democratic Pary or PD [Fernando de ARAUJO]; Maubere Democratic Party or PDM [leader NA]; People's Party of Timor or PPT [Jacob XAVIER]; Revolutionary Front of Independent East Timor or FRETILIN [Lu OLO]; Social Democrat Party of East Timor or PSD [Mario CARRASCALAO]; Socialist Party of Timor or PST [leader NA]; Sons of the Mountain Warriors (also known as Association of Timorese Heroes) or KOTA [Clementino dos Reis AMARAL]; Timor Democratic Union or UDT [Joao CARRASCALAO]; Timor Labor Party or TRABALHISTA [Paulo Freitas DA SILVA]; Timorese Nationalist Party or PNT [Abilio ARAUJO]; Timorese Popular Democratic Association or APODETI [Frederico Almeida Santos COSTA]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001 replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey, which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited		 952,618 (July 2002 est.)


note: other estimates range as low as 800,000 (2002 est.)
Population below poverty line - 42% (2002 est.)
Population growth rate - 7.26% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors - NA
Radio broadcast stations 0 (2003) AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA
Radios - NA
Railways - 0 km
Religions - Roman Catholic 90%, Muslim 4%, Protestant 3%, Hindu 0.5%, Buddhist, Animist (1992 est.)
Sex ratio - NA
Suffrage - 17 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken		 NA
Telephones - main lines in use - NA
Telephones - mobile cellular - NA
Television broadcast stations 0 (2003) NA
Terrain most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes mountainous
Total fertility rate - 3.88 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate - 50% (including underemployment)
Waterways - NA
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